Project Management -- Network Planning Techniques Essay

Project Management -- Network Planning Techniques - Essay Example The critical path enables the manager to decide in what sequence a set of activities will be performed and when they should start and be completed. By knowing which tasks are non-critical the manager is better able to reconcile his project with his resource constraints. Another major advantage of using the critical path method is that the manager is able to perform â€Å"what if† exercises. If the start date of the project (a, 0) has been fixed as Tuesday January 4th, 2011 and assuming that work is done only on Monday through Friday with no holidays, the earliest projected calendar finish date of the project is June 24th, 2011. By default, all critical tasks have zero slack. The task with the largest free slack occurs at node L, which is GFE delivery. The manager could use the slack to manage scope creep, to monitor and update his schedule and to revise his risk assessment. From our critical path diagram it is evident that dates for delivery of the engine and for the GFE payload are non-critical, therefore we shall set the date of delivery for both to be March 30th, 2011 because any date before vehicle integration begins on April 1st, 2011 will suffice. The critical path remains the same but completion date is pushed forward to June 28th, 2011 because total number of days needed to complete the project increases from 124 to 128. We also notice that the slack days also go up. The impact of this change will have to be reflected with a revision of project

Marketing of service ( Capture the Customer Interface ) Essay

Marketing of service ( Capture the Customer Interface ) - Essay Example There are different types of customers in the food industry but the main customers who frequent chili and groceries are those who are looking for Indian foods among other Asian delicacies. This customer base is generally acquainted with the best service delivery that the shop can offer the customers are treated as individuals and all their needs catered according to their preferences. Chili and Olive Groceries does this by making sure the restaurant is never double booked and enough space is available for any extra bookings. The entire service in the store is team managed to make sure the flow of information from the customer is entirely put into consideration for better services that they require. Chili and Olive groceries have redesigned the elements of process, people, productivity, and physical environment to appeal to the customers it serves. This comes as part of the process to create a better communication in the business. The use of social media creates an easier way to locate the restaurant and grocery. This comes easy since Muhammad has put the map on the timeline of the Facebook page plus the page is used as an advertisement medium. It is hard to miss the delicacies the restaurant offers since they are displayed on the wall. To increase productivity the store has employees to assist on anything one need. Customer service has been vamped up to make sure the customer base is satisfied at any given visits. Chili and olive has iconic products that are rare in Canada hence creating a market that is untapped. The restaurant and grocery store is a brand that is visibly appealing to any consumer who never had the Indian and middle eastern food experience. With a variety of specials like biryani, samosas, sheesh khabab, paneer paratha, and other Indian and middle eastern food, the menu in the restaurant is to die for. The product here cater for every needs for the customers be it those who are on the diet and those who are in for a

Hamlet & the melancholy character Essay Example for Free

Hamlet the melancholy character Essay Hamlet, as the melancholy character has a lot to blame his sadness on. He is constantly occupied by the thoughts of revenge and death but these forces are counterbalanced by his need to be doubly sure of his uncle’s guilt. This drives him to behave irrationally, prompting suggestion of madness and act impulsively which leads to the death of Polonius. He is manipulated by several things throughout the play and is constantly feeling the burden of being driven in one direction or the other by forces which were alien to him only a couple of days back when he was a scholar and the apparent heir to the throne. The ghost of his father leaves him with a task to be completed along with the grief of mourning a father and watching his mother become the wife of the murderer, with what he considers indecent haste. Hamlet is motivated and driven by the uttering of his father’s ghost, his own filial obligation, and the brashness of the murderer in marrying his own mother to usurp his throne. He is driven to sometimes behave and sometimes pretend to be mad to ensure that his thoughts are not revealed to his uncle Claudius. He is driven to misogyny by his apparent loss of belief in women after his mother’s behavior. He is driven to collect the evidence to his father’s death at the hands of his uncle because his thoughtful temperament and erudition do not allow him to find arguments ‘beyond reasonable doubt’ to form a basis for vengeful actions. All these instances when he is driven in directions much against his own volition lead him to believe that he is being manipulated at all levels by situations and people. He is also, perhaps, suspicious of the fact that his friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are used to spy on him and manipulate him into certain actions or words. He implores his friend Guildenstern to play the pipe to divert the attention from his own discomfiture. But when he refuses to play claiming that he does not have any knowledge of playing a pipe, he accuses Guildenstern of being incapable of playing the pipe but manipulating him (Hamlet) like a pipe by blowing thoughts into his mind and subtly handling his emotions in a way as to hit the notes desired by people around him. Hamlet is preoccupied with two things throughout the play. They are the basis for action and inaction and his dismay at being manipulated by several things and persons. Arguably, if Hamlet were not the prey to his own inaction, so many of the lives lost in the play would have been saved. Even the final revenge he exacts is not his own doing but the foul play of Claudius that goes awry. He readily gives up all other purpose in his life and begins the journey of revenge (which he eventually discovers that he is singularly incapable of) when his father’s ghost reveals the secret of his death. â€Å"Ay, thou poor ghost, while memory holds a seat In this distracted globe. Remember thee! Yea, from the table of my memory Ill wipe away all trivial fond records, All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past, That youth and observation copied there; And thy commandment all alone shall live Within the book and volume of my brain, Unmixd with baser matter: yes, by heaven! † (1. 5. 103-110) Even one of the most famous soliloquies from hamlet are of the effect that Hamlet is being troubled by the cruel hand dealt to him by fate. â€Å"To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? —To die,—to sleep,— No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to,—’tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish’d. To die,—to sleep;—â€Å"(3. 1. 58-66) Even his attempts to contemplate suicide are his thoughts that are bound and led by influences foreign to himself. There is also evidence of such distraught thinking on the part of Hamlet in other instances. When he enquires his friends why they have come to meet him, whether they had come of their own volition r they had been summoned, he describes the state of mankind as an inanimate thing that is given too much value. â€Å"What a piece of work is a man! how noble in reason! how infinite in faculty! in form and moving how express and admirable! in action how like an angel! in apprehension how like a god! the beauty of the world! the paragon of animals! And yet, to me, what is this quintessence of dust? man delights not me: no, nor woman neither,†(2. 2. 291-297) Hamlet feels manipulated by his varied feelings and motivations. He sometimes feels he is just an instrument of revenge. In some instances he feels he is the sum of all contrasting wisdom which prevents him from taking any decisive action. All these contradictions and the preponderance of thoughts about self and the motivations behind actions and the multilayered questioning of wisdom in taking or delaying a particular action – make Hamlet the most complicated and accomplished characterization of Shakespearean tragedies and offers different meanings upon different readings.

Muhammad And Jesus: Compare The Men

Muhammad And Jesus: Compare The Men This essay was kindly submitted by Collins Maritim Thomas Carlyle observed that the history of the world is really the biography of great men. And no two men have influenced our world more than Jesus and Muhammad. Nations have used their words as the foundation of their cultures and laws. Fully half of the worlds inhabitants trace the roots of their beliefs back to Muhammads words in the 7th century and the teachings of Jesus Christ in the 1st century. So who were these men who have changed our world, and how do they compare with one another? We begin with Muhammad. Muhammad didnt appear extraordinary at first. But in time his name became known throughout the Arab lands as the one who united a disparate group of nomad Arabs into a powerful force for their God. And today, nearly 1,400 years later, 1.8 billion Muslims revere Muhammad as the greatest of all prophets. About six hundred years before Muhammad another man appeared on the scene who in three short years changed our world. His name is Jesus Christ. Within a few generations after he left earth, the power and might of the Roman Empire was enveloped by the phenomenon of Christianity, and today it is the worlds largest religion with over 2 billion followers. Although Muslims and Christians both believe strongly in God, their religious differences have changed our 21st century world. But, can their many religious differences be traced back to the teachings of Muhammad and Jesus? If these religious leaders were alive today, would they reflect the divisions of their followers, or would they agree with one another? Perhaps we can answer that question by looking at the similarities and differences of Muhammad and Jesus. Both religious leaders had some similarities, but their differences account for much of the division we see today between Islam and Christianity. In the next several pages, we will look at the: Life of Muhammad Life of Jesus Similarities between Muhammad and Jesus Differences between Muhammad and Jesus After comparing Muhammad and Jesus, we will attempt to draw conclusions about what led to their enormous influence upon our world. We will also examine their messages for essential differences. First lets take a brief look at their lives. Life of Jesus Christ Jesus Christ was born about 6 B. C. in Bethlehem, an obscure village in the Roman province of Palestine. It was a time when many Jews were looking for the long promised Messiah spoken of hundreds of years before by Hebrew prophets. Luke, who documented the life of Jesus, writes that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary, and that the angel Gabriel proclaimed him as the Son of the most High, the Savior of men (Luke 1:26-38). Jesus worked as a carpenter in the Galilean town of Nazareth. At age 30 he began his public ministry by teaching Gods Word and performing nature-defying miracles. Jesus words and miraculous deeds attracted huge crowds like a magnet. He spoke of God with an authority that marveled everyone. Jesus sinless life of moral purity amazed both his followers and his enemies. He also astounded them by turning water into wine, walking on water, calming storms at sea, giving sight to the blind, healing paralyzed limbs, and restoring life to the dead. No one had ever demonstrated such power and authority. And his enemies were unable to refute Jesus amazing power over nature. Not only did Jesus perform great miracles, but he also spoke words of such profound wisdom, that it was said of him that no man has ever spoken like this. His words were spoken with authority and revealed remarkable insight about the human condition. In fact, Jesus said his words were the words of God Himself. Although the crowds that followed Jesus loved and accepted him, Jewish religious leaders were jealous of his fame and wisdom. In their envy, they continually sought to trip him up or catch him in a violation of their law. But Jesus life was pure and above reproach. Rather than violating Gods law, Jesus fulfilled every single command by his righteous life. Jesus continually demonstrated heartfelt compassion for the poor and downcast. He looked beyond the outward appearances of men into their hearts. Jesus was always kind, going out of his way to help people, regardless of how important they were. Jesus never boasted about himself. And his humility was blended with incredible courage and strength. He condemned religious hypocrisy, and spoke boldly in the face of overwhelming opposition from the Jewish leaders and Roman rulers. But Jesus also taught forgiveness, and demonstrated it by forgiving his executioners as he hung on the cross uttering, Father forgive them for they dont know what they are doing. (Luke 23:26-49). Jesus made claims that totally infuriated his enemies. Jesus claims make it impossible that he was simply a prophet, a great religious leader, or merely a good man. He was either who he claimed to be, [God] or he was a liar, or a madman, or something worse. Jesus was betrayed by Judas, one of his 12 disciples, and turned over to his Jewish enemies. The Romans then crucified Jesus on a cross and certified his death. After verifing his death, his body was placed into a rich mans tomb in Jerusalem. Jesus had told his disciples he would rise from the grave three days after his crucifixion. His disciples didnt believe his words at first, and they fled the scene, afraid they would be killed like their leader. But three days after Jesus crucifixion, they were suddenly changed. In a dramatic turnaround, they began proclaiming that Jesus had risen, and eventually died as martyrs for what they believed to be true. Before he ascended, Jesus promised that he would return to earth someday as Ruler. His followers conviction spread like a wildfire, consuming the entire Roman Empire. Our world has never been the same. Life of Muhammad Muhammad was born in 570 A.D in Mecca, a city in Western Saudi Arabia. He was an orphan, having lost both parents by the age of 6. After age 8 the young Muhammad was raised by his uncle, Abu Talib. In time he joined the trading caravans as a merchant. At age 25 Muhammad married a wealthy widow by the name of Khadijah, 15 years his senior. The couple had four daughters and two sons who died in infancy. During Muhammads life he had a total of eleven wives. He was described as gentle and humble by nature. He loved children and animals. At age 40, Muhammad fell into a trance in a cave on Mount Hira near Mecca where he claimed to have heard the angel Gabriel speak to him. Muhammad reportedly ran home crying out, O, Kadijah! I have either become a soothsayer or else I am possessed of the Djin [demon] and gone mad. Khadijah and her Christian cousin Waraqah consoled Muhammad, assuring him his vision must be real, and that he was truly Gods prophet. Muhammad had additional revelations of Gabriel speaking to him, but he still had agonizing doubts about their reality. He was even more troubled when the revelations ceased, becoming dejected and entertaining suicide. It wasnt until later when his revelations resumed, that Muhammad finally began proclaiming himself as a prophet, and preaching in the one sovereign God, resurrection, and the last judgment, and the practicing of charity to the poor and the orphans. Muhammad was illiterate and recited his revelations orally. It wasnt until after his death that they were compiled and written down in the Quran. Muslims accept the Quran as a miracle, believing it is 100% inspired with no human error. Much of what we know as Islam the lives and sayings of the Prophet is based on texts from between 130 and 300 years after Muhammads death. In the face of rampant idolatry, Muhammad became zealous for Allah. It was his zeal that led Muhammad to take up the sword for Allah. He would spread Islam by conquering the infidel (unbelieving) peoples, including Christians and Jews. Prior to taking up the sword, Muhammad had co-existed peacefully with the many Jewish inhabitants of Medina. But when he realized the Jews rejected his prophetic calling and radical ideas, he became angry, and began treating them cruelly. As a result, some Jews were driven into exile by his militia, while others were executed with their widows and children being sold as slaves. Prior to his death, Muhammad led several military campaigns. He proved to be a courageous and capable military leader. By the time of his death in 632, Muslims ruled only in Arabia. But within ten years the Arab Muslims conquered Palestine, Syria, Egypt, Iraq, and then Persia (Iran). In one generation Muhammad and his followers had changed the political landscape of the Eastern world. Today Muslims around the world honor Muhammad as Allahs one True Prophet. Similarities between Jesus and Muhammad Before we look at the differences between Jesus and Muhammad, lets identify a few of their similarities. Great religious leaders Jesus and Muhammad established the worlds two largest religions, Christianity with 2.1 billion, and Islam with 1.8 billion people, together half of the worlds population. Monotheism Although their views of Gods nature were different, both men believed in and taught about one true God who is sovereign, infinite, all powerful, all-knowing, and the ultimate judge of all mankind. Old Testament Scriptures Both men accepted the Old Testament as Gods Word, and acknowledged Abraham, as the one through whom God would make a great people. Jews and Christians believe Gods promise is through Abrahams son, Isaac, while Muslims believe it is through Abrahams other son, Ishmael. Written legacy Neither Jesus nor Muhammad wrote a book. However, their respective followers recorded their words that we have today; the New Testament detailing the eyewitness accounts of Jesus life and words, and the Quran, which records Muhammads account of his revelation. Whereas Muslims regard the Quran as a Miracle that must be taken by faith without the necessity of evidentiary support, Christians point to numerous evidences of ancient documents substantiating the reliability of the New Testament. Worldwide influence Muhammads most enduring influence has been his ability to unite disparate groups of Arab peoples under the banner of Islam, primarily by military conquest. This influence spread further by conquests of several surrounding countries. Between the 8th century to the 13th century, Islam was instrumental in several developments in the arts and sciences. This period of cultural advancement is called The Golden Age of Islam During this Golden Age Muslim scholars made contributions to literature, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and chemistry. Muhammads influence rings loud today through his 1.8 billion followers around the world. Jesus Christ influenced Western Civilization peacefully. He told us that God loves each of us individually and created us for Himself. He taught us to love and forgive each other. Secular world historian Will Durant credits Jesus teachings with the beginning of democracy. Jesus teaching of the high value of the individual resulted in the establishment of schools such as Yale and Harvard, the abolition of slavery, the elevated dignity of women, and countless hospitals charities and humanitarian works. Differences between Muhammad and Jesus Although some similarities exist between Muhammad and Jesus, their differences are far greater. Lets look at a few of the most important. Different Claims Muhammad said he was just a man; Jesus claimed to be God. In fact, Muhammad never claimed to be more than a man, a prophet of Allah. His following prayer reflects that: O Allah! I am but a man. (Ahmed, Musnad, Vol. 6, pg. 103) Although Jesus was fully a man who felt pain, became hungry, tired, and was tempted like us, Jesus also claimed to be fully God, equal with his heavenly Father. He said that prior to becoming a man, he and the father had always existed as one God, and had jointly created the universe. Several popular conspiracy theories, like The Da Vinci Code, have asserted that the church invented Jesus divinity, but historical evidence indicates the earliest Christians believed that Jesus is both Lord and God. Christianity would not be the same if Jesus disciples hadnt truly believed he was God. (The term, Son of God does not mean a biological offspring, or that Jesus is inferior to his Father, it only reflects their relationship with one another within the godhead). All the evidence points to the fact that the disciples totally embraced his deity. Different Character As a mortal man, Muhammad sinned like us. Jesus was said to be without sin (John 8:46). Even his enemies were unable to accuse him of breaking any of Gods Commandments. But Muhammad admitted he had erred, and asked Allah for forgiveness three times (Sura al-Ghafir 40:55; 47:19 al-Fath 48:2). Different Authority Muhammad never performed a miracle (Quran 29:50), but Jesus exhibited complete authority over nature by performing numerous miracles (Mark 3:9,10). Different Credentials Jesus fulfilled ancient Hebrew prophecies; Muhammad did not. Muhammad offered no credentials but his revelation. Yet, nearly 300 Old Testament prophecies with 61 specific details were fulfilled by Jesus Christ. Only God could have brought all those details to pass. Thus, Jesus is a perfect match for each of them. Jesus divine credentials were established by his fulfillment of Gods prophetic Word. Different Power Jesus resurrection demonstrated divine power; Muhammad died and his bones are reportedly within his grave at Medina. Jesus, on the other hand, came back to life three days after he was crucified and confirmed dead by Roman executioners. Both Jesus crucifixion and resurrection are historical facts for which there is compelling evidence. Different Message Jesus taught love and grace; Muhammad taught submission and rules. Muhammad taught that we must attain salvation by adhering to Islams Five Pillars of the Faith. In other words, our salvation depends on our own efforts. Even then, one has no assurance of forgiveness, and must depend upon the mercy of Allah for forgiveness. Some Muslims believe that the Quran teaches that becoming a martyr for Allah will gain them favor and they will be rewarded by a heavenly harem. Jesus said God created us for a relationship with Himself. His plan is to adopt us into His heavenly family as His beloved children. However, we rebelled against Him and broke His moral laws. The Bible calls this sin. Such disobedience against a holy God requires judgment. Our good deeds, money, or prayers cannot take away our sins. The Bible tells us God is a pursuing God who devised a plan to free us from our sin debt. Gods solution was to pay the price Himself. In order to accomplish that, Jesus became a man who would die in our place (Philippians 2:5). Jesus said: God so loved the world that He sent Jesus to die for us (John 3:16). Jesus taught that salvation is a free gift which must be embraced by faith in him alone, not our deeds. It is our choice to accept or reject Gods free pardon. Jesus and Muhammad have at time been confused amongst scholars as being one in the same. Both of these individuals were born at completely separate times; however, both men served very similar purposes while on Earth. Jesus promoted Christianity and Muhammad promoted

Using Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic Devices Essay examples -- P

Using Animals Symbolically by Using Poetic Devices I will be discussing the ways in which the poets use animals symbolically by using poetic devices. The three poems that I have chosen are â€Å"The Tyger† by William Blake, â€Å"The Eagle† by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Lastly, Pied Beauty by Gerard Manley Hopkins. Alfred Lord Tennyson has used an image of an eagle to give the reader an image of a man standing on a cliff top waiting for his world to fall around him. He is in a desolate area; there is no society near him â€Å"ringed with the azure world. He stands†. He watches the sea pass lower than him his world collapses beneath him n he falls. â€Å"And like a thunderbolt he falls† The sun has symbolized God. And his closeness to the eagle. In this poem, the writer has used alliteration â€Å"lonely lands† when he wishes to emphasis the nature, its surroundings and beauty’s. Followed by short verses. He uses metaphors and long lines to show how strong the bird appears to be. In addition, the eagle waits and watches alone from the mountain highs to catch his pray. in this poem there is a...

Angelas Ashes: Analysis :: essays research papers

It is a common view that times for the Irish majority in the 1930's and 40's were very hard. Especially for the Irish Catholic families with the stereotypical drunken father, emotionally wrecked mother, kids running round her with her sore back from the next child ready too be born. In Angela's Ashes, Mc Court examines his childhood experiences, the tragedies, hardships, learning, all involved with growing up.One of the most interesting aspects of the writing in Angela's Ashes is how the text is written, from Mc Courts interpretation of the situation at his age he was at the time, the spelling and grammar also indicates that the child is writing, not the adult. This contributes immensely to the emotions and enjoyment evoked from reading the book. It also better describes how a child actually sees the things going around them, and what they may be thinking. Personally, sometimes is made me think for a while about how I interpreted things I saw when I was that age, and the fun I had b eing a 'kid' with my sister.McCourt describes his brothers and sister, even the ones that died and how much he enjoyed growing up with them, how they cared and loved for each other. Because of the appalling quarters they lived in and the lack of money and food there was terminal illnesses in the family which proved fatal to some of his siblings. Mc Court in his 'child-like' writing style describes how his siblings and he, interpret what's happened and how they see their parents reacting. Mc Court also analyses how his younger brother Malachy looks up to him and how much he takes Malachy under his 'wing' and takes care of him. Parenting is said to be one of the hardest tasks out there today, especially sole-parenting. Mc Court carefully examines his mother, how she copes with her drunken betrothed, how her cousins who married 'gentlemen' are constantly try to run her life, and how she acts as a woman. His father, the 'Irish drunk' who is constantly making him and his brother swear their lives for Ireland and singing Roddy Mc Corley and Kevin Barry after a night at the pub. How his father will tell him stories about old Irish folklore and get sacked from job after job.As Frank progresses into adolescence, he explores the feelings and changes he goes through.

My Victory Essay

â€Å"What’s happening?’ I heard the soldiers crying. I didn’t understand how everything went wrong. First we were happy†¦ †¦ Then we were sad. It was like a blossoming flower caught in a storm. The knocking in my head wouldn’t end. Were we so stupid all along? This is what happened â€Å"We are going to win this war!† my regiment sang happily. This was exactly what my mum always wanted me to be – independent, have a family of my own and fight for my country! She would be so proud of me. Even though she’d passed away a while back, she could still see me from heaven – which she used to call â€Å"a special place†. Time flew past as we were on our way to win the war. We began digging up the damp mud to build our trenches. Our feet were sinking into the soft surface of the mud. The time had slowed down. Throughout the day, the clock ticked slower as if it has completely stopped. Our brightness had faded away. Even the smiles on our faces were forgotten. What happened? We had thought that we would win, that this war would be a war to end all wars. We thought this would be the Great War. So what was going to happen? Nobody knew. I had that feeling, which felt like the END! That feeling is fear. I was frightened that I was going to die. I was frightened that we were going to lose. I was frightened that it would get worse. And it did get worse. The Germans began to fire. My fear came back. The captain ordered us to cross no mans land; he said we had no choice. This was it. My heart was pounding like the footsteps of a running horse. We started to cross no mans land. My feet were hurting from standing in the muddy trenches. The land was so empty and lonely. I was so stiff from the coldness of the wind, trying to walk on the mud and scared to death. At if I got shot? I thought. The Germans were firing all around us and I could hear the fast beat of my blood drumming through my ears. I was motionless, trying to think of what to do. But it was too hard. At once all I could think about was my mum. Her words went through my head – â€Å"one day, you’ll find your victory! It’s inside you† – from then on I knew exactly what to do. I knew that I would find my victory. I didn’t care if my body was in pain. My mind was strong and that’s what mattered. I dodged the bullets and fought so hard, running and shooting the Germans. But suddenly I felt a pain, a bigger sharper pain than I’ve had before. It was just above my stomach, in the middle. It hurt so much. The ripping feeling was an agony. I looked down and saw blood everywhere. I’d been shot! As I through my feet forward to walk, I couldn’t take any more of the tearing pain. Slowly, I dropped to the muddy ground. Blood was running down my hands. The incapable agony of the burning bullet got worse and worse but I was still alive. And then†¦ ‘Flash!’ through my eyes! Something wonderful had happened. The pain flew away, along with my fear. ‘Flash!’ again, but this time I saw my whole life in a flashback right before my own eyes! It felt incredible. Everything went dark. And suddenly I saw my mum. She was standing in a bright light like an angel. This wasn’t a memory this was a real fantasy. Her eyes filled with happiness. Her tears rolled down her cheeks and dripped of her lips. She was happy, and so was I. I knew that I would never lose her. I knew I found my victory.

Explain the Influence of Management Style on the Nature of the Employment Relationship Essay

It always a great deal for management to perform effectively in an organization, it is because they are the ones that are always look into by the people within the company. With the policies and guidelines that they give for the employees in order for them to achieve their goal effectively is the main reflection on the management style they implement and want to follow in the company. That is why in order for a company to succeed, management is always one of the main key, because it provides a better deal on addressing the main issue of relationship as well as policies. What is important for the management is that, no matter what and how they provide their management style in an organization, it should have positive output for both its people and also the stakeholders. Or always find a way to â€Å"strike the balance† between the two, because if people in the organization will not be given the right attention, it will be hard for company to survive, since these people are called as the â€Å"front liners† and the reflection of these performance will surely be reflected on the service they provide for the customer. On the other hand for the stakeholders, they maybe people that do not want to know more about how people or staff deals with their work, but more focus on the stability of the company, or simply â€Å"bottom line†. But, in order to achieve this there should be leader that must stand in front which will lead all these into reality. They say that a good leader is a good coach as well as moderator; these people are some of the very few people that knows how to encourage and provide hope for people and convert them to be an asset in the company and instead of a threat. Because there are other managers who thinks of efficient and effective people as threat, threat because they can overthrown the manager, because some managers are not that highly motivated and do not want to challenge themselves, that is why most companies development or progress are hardly achieve by these â€Å"power tripping: managers who would not want to see potential leaders to be what they deserve they can be, and inte4ad they be given challenge, they are either being ignored or left behind. For most effective managers or leaders who really provide great influence in an organization, they see company as business, not finance. This is the problem with some appointed managers or managers that are just being assigned without really understanding the position well. Actually managers are not financial comptroller, where the latter works more on how to control expenses but look into prioritizing how to increase sales and revenues. Managers forget the fact that they must lead and not always focus on the financials, because if they focus on the financials they should not be manager anymore, instead they should be working in the accounting or finance department. Another is that, managers are in the company to provide action and not just lesson. They must also provide community action, an action that would really help the company to go to its greatest potential and always dwell on how to prioritizing the important activities that needs to be done. For being an action man or woman in the company, it is also easy to find respect from the organization, since there is always hard work shown, and all of these provides great influence and eventually will result to success in the employment relationship within the organization. (Heller, R, 2007, pars. 4 and 9). Employee relations and theoretical interpretation In employment relation to employment relation, there are different types of theory that is applied in an organization. These are: (1) Unitary Theory, (2) Pluralist Theory, System, (4) Marxist, (5) Feminist, (6) Comparative, and (7) Postmodernism. For unitary theory, it is the existence of a single policy or authority that is being practice within the organization. This type of management theory is known in the very early years, where leaders form their own rule in the basis of what they think is right and people are mostly not given the rights to contradict or over rule the policy or guideline that was implemented. Classical Pluralism, is however is considered as the form of management is greatly influence by an electorate political group or any group that holds power over the society. Their main power is strengthen by the ideology that come from the community or societal group and this form of management style is well supported since it is perceived as for the good of many and not just from the group. System theory focuses is focusing on the inter-disciplinary representation of field science, which is complex nature of science, nature and science are the main basic on this theory. This also means that in every decision there is always a scientific explanation which needs to be followed or adhered. For Marxist theory, its philosophy mainly focuses on the diverse theory that Karl Marx which is mainly in the light of communism, this theory mainly involves such diverse fields like, aesthetics, ethics, ontology, epistemology and the philosophy of science as well. This is made popularize in the early strict and communistic era in Russia. On the theory about Feminism, it also provides a wide variety of discipline which mainly focuses on the common ideology of women’s role in politics, and these include: anthropology, sociology, economics, women as well as gender studies. This form of management looks after on the main concern of the greater women in the community which can be effectively being applied in the form of management within the organization. Lastly, for the theory about Postmodernism, which only shows that most of the people here are great fun of opportunities, like on and off the job training, like in the case of a project that will be eventually be started since the government has allocated some ideas in the organization. These theories have provided different impact in the organization since every theory is applied appropriately in the companies. It also provides a clear guideline as to how people can be managed effectively. Like take for instance a company that lies on the service that they provide, for example a company of systems development, which has given the authority to let users to participate in forming and firming the management standards and practices that the company must used. For the last two theories for management practices, comparative and post-modernism, for the first theory, Cooperative theory, this form of management, shows big importance to the greater majority of the people and these is brought out by the well collaborative effort shown from the employee and the management as well. This also shows that management must play big attention in their respective stores in a typical â€Å"look and feel† of the organization. (Hollinshead, Nicholls, and Tailby, 2003, pp. 9-41). The Importance of Collective Bargaining in an Organization For some companies accepting the presence of a Union is not that well accepted, because for some management it is just a source of employees of pushing other request that might even defeat the main vision or mission of the company. In fact the main objective of it is to provide a better deal of the needs of the staffs and not just raising some wants, which may lead to negative result. Companies or staffs must not always look into having an agreement that focuses not only for employee compensation or benefits but it should also focus on some other concerns like safety and help provision. This is because most industry, most especially manufacturing companies, automatically has a union and it provides a clear directive on what the policy that must be followed and this process must be strictly be send and follow up users. Collective bargaining has it own process which helps the management and the employees union to follow for better understanding of its agreement. In Ireland, this process is formed in a way that corresponds also to the company guidelines which is important to have it more appreciative and well respected by the stakeholder. (How Has Collective Bargaining Happen in Ireland, 2007).

Driving Force of Globalisation Essay

An NIC stands for a Newly Industrialised Country. It is a term used to describe a country that has moved away from an agriculture-based economy and into a more industrialised, urban economy. These countries have a high growth rate. Current NICs include China, India, Brazil, Malaysia, Mexico, South Africa, Philippines, Thailand and Turkey. The average growth rate between these countries is approximately 7.64% compared to the world average of 3.7% (2011). The average Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita for these NICs is US$10,769 compared to the world average GDP per capita of US$12,000. GDP is a useful indicator of development and a great measure for comparing differences between countries, therefore allowing a clear differentiation between countries that are Highly Industrialised Countries (HICs), Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) or Low Industrialised Countries (LICs). The Human Development Index (HDI) is another strong indicator of development, it includes a combination of statistics: life expectancy, education and income. The average HDI of these NICs is approximately 0.6874. The world average HDI is 0.862. India is now an NIC, as the IT services boom has transformed the country’s economy, which is now growing at more than 9% per year, the same rate as China. India’s HIC is 0.547(2011 estimate). Since China opened up its markets to the West in the 1980s, the city of Shanghai has transformed into a booming metropolis consisting of about 21 million people. Shanghai accounts for 30% of China’s foreign exports and attracts 25% of all foreign investment into the country. The GDP of Shanghai alone is US450 billion! China’s HDI is 0.867 (2011 estimate). Globalisation is the stage of processes and impacts that occur at a global scale, usually economic systems, but it can include physical systems (global warming) and socio-cultural systems (fashion, music, film industry). Globalisation can be measured using the Globalisation Index, which tracks and assess changes in the 4 key components of global integration. Another measure of globalisation is the KOF Index of Globalisation. This calculates the overall index of globalisation and sub-indices referring to actual economic flows, economic restrictions, data on information flows, data on personal contact and data on cultural proximity. NICs have been and continue to be the driving force of globalisation. Manufacturing tends to occur mainly in industrialised countries. Globally, manufacturing output continues to increase and most manufacturing still occurs in industrialised countries. Although relative contribution of manufacturing to most industrialised countries economies has declined, manufacturing remains fundamental to all economies. Many of the new industrialised countries are dramatically increasing their manufacturing output, by establishing their unique multi-nationals and implement manufacturing plants in developed countries. An example of a country doing this is South Korea. NICs have a variety of advantages over fully developed countries, as they are able to benefit from cheap labour costs, lower business taxes, cheaper land and fewer environmental controls. Multi-nationals are hugely responsible for a large majority of the rise in globalisation, for example; the introduction of Trans-national companies (TNCs). These multi-nationals have huge benefits, i.e. they have generated millions of new jobs in NICs, however; they have also lead to social, political and economic problems within a country, as well as between countries. For example, Uganda, a very poor country with a GDP per capita of just $1,300 (2011), has been forced to lower its prices of exporting coffee, which is what its economy relies on. Coffee prices have fallen by 70% since 1997, costing exporters in developing countries $8 billion in lost foreign-exchange earnings. This divides the gap between the rich and the poor, as the richer countries will benefit from trading, while the poorer countries, such as Uganda, will loose out in gaining money on exports, therefore making them poorer. TNCs dominate industrial production including manufacturing and services, therefore further dividing the gap between the rich and the poor, and being the main leader of globalisation as a consequence. TNCs work to meet the demand for its good from HICs. For example, Toyota, like many other TNCs undertakes much of its manufacturing in LICs in order to meet the high and constant demand from HICs. Manufacturing in LICs is preferred as it provides these large companies with cheap labour. Toyota was recorded as the fifth largest TNC in 2010. It has 51 overseas manufacturing companies in 26 countries and regions, it has Design and Research and Development centres in the USA, Japan, Belgium, the UK, France, Thailand and Australia, and its headquarters are in Japan. Globalisation inevitably increases pressure to liberalise trade and to eliminate tariffs and non-trade barriers. Liberalisation of trade within OPEC clearly resulted in China (an NIC) for example, gaining a comparative advantage over the US (MIC) in the manufacture of machinery products. Globalisation has also been a resulting factor for the dramatic increase in technology. Bangalore, in the Silicon Valley of India is experiencing a remarkable IT boom, that is transforming the prospects of India’s economy. The internet is the fastest growing tool of communications. It took just 4 years for the internet to reach 50 million years, in contrast to the 38 years it took for radio and 13 years for television. However, the bulk of internet traffic is between and within North America, Western Europe and, to a limited extent, East Asia i.e. HICs and NICs. In Asia, Japan accounts for the major share of internet traffic, which is the reason for why this country has become an NIC, where as most other countries in Asia are LICs. A number of charismatic new Indian companies are now challenging the multinationals for global leadership in this area, including TCS (TATA Consultancy Services), Infosys and WIPRO (the current global leader in technology). The IT services boom has helped to transform the Indian economy, which is now growing at more than 9% a year, comparable to China. The new-found affluence of the young workers in the IT sector has led to a change in attitudes to wealth and consumption in the country. More and more young people are increasingly being able to afford such luxuries, for example cars and home ownership. On the other hand, NICs are not necessarily the driving force to globalisation. The reason for this is that these countries have only been able to develop due to the richer western countries. These MICs have the money to buy up land in poorer countries, as part of land colonization in order to meet the demand of these MICs. Many of the new industrializing countries (NICs) are dramatically increasing their manufacturing output, however this is only as a result of industrialised countries becoming established in the NICS. The core periphery is a theory to explain the process by which some countries become wealthy and others become poor, subsequently increasing the divide between them. The patterns of trade that emerges from the 1500s onwards created a wealthy ‘core’ of European countries. The nations who supply these rich European countries remained poor and on the edge, known as the periphery. The Global core regions include North America, Europe and Japan. This core owns and consumes 80% of global goods and services, earns the highest incomes, makes most decisions about the global economy, e.g. what goods are produced, and provides most global investment. Therefore, richer countries control trade, and so have control of LICs to meet their large demand, subsequently being the driving force of globalisation. Trade has been the engine of globalisation, with world wide trade in manufactures goods increasing more than 100 times (from $9.5 billion to $12 trillion) in the last 50 years. This has outpaced the overall growth of the global economy. Since 1960, increased trade has been made easier by international agreements to lower tariff and non-tariff barriers on export of manufactured goods, especially to rich countries. Those countries which have managed to increase their role in the world trading system (through implementing TNCs) by targeting exports to rich countries – such as Japan, Korea and now China. All these countries have seen a dramatic increase in their standard of living. In conclusion, I strongly believe that NICs have been the driving force to globalisation. Moving to a more industrialised, urban economy will help any country to perform better in the global market, helping it to gain a higher growth rate and GDP. Having a higher HDI in a country will also help those countries to receive higher standards of living and an enhanced quality of life. Globalisation occurs as factor of change to economic, physical and socio-cultural systems, which all have large global influences. HICs have therefore, increasingly been the cause for globalisation, as they develop from an agriculture-based economy into an industrialised, urban economy.

Teaching and Coaching

The teaching-coaching function of the domains of nursing practice is a very important aspect that nurses must practice to be effective. We learn many things from textbooks, clinical environments and job placements; but I think some of the most valuable lessons and skills that I have learned were from my fellow nurses and other healthcare providers while on the job. I work with adolescents on a daily basis that are cognitively impaired that need to be taught many life skills.The competencies that I want to emphasize in my post are the first that is listed which is; â€Å"Timing: Capturing a Patient’s Readiness to Learn†. This one particular patient that was on my unit was a 14 year old male that was being resistant to the teaching of proper use of his metered dose inhaler. The patient did not want to accept the fact that he had asthma. He stated that the only reason that he has shortness of breath was, â€Å"because I smoke too many cigarettes†. I recognized that the patient just simply wasn’t ready to learn at this time. Assessing where a patient is, how open he is to information, deciding when to go ahead even when the patient does not appear ready, are key aspects of effective patient teaching† (Benner, 2001). So I waited a few hours later and gathered some information about asthma and the benefits of using the inhaler. After hours upon hours of speaking with the patient, he was finally able to realize that the inhaler would give him a better quality of life when used correctly. This was about a month ago, and the patient is now using the inhaler as needed, the correct way.This may seem like a small achievement to some, but I felt very complete when I went home that night after speaking with this patient. Thank you for reading my post, I look forward to reading your feedback. James 5:15 – And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him. Reference Benner, P. (2001). From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Clinical Nursing Practice. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

Education Of The Ignorant Essays - Cry, The Beloved Country, Jarvis

Education Of The Ignorant Essays - Cry, The Beloved Country, Jarvis Education Of The Ignorant CRY THE BELOVED COUNTRY, BY ALAN PATON, IS A BOOK WHICH TELLS THE STORY OF HOW JAMES JARVIS, A WEALTHY ESTATE OWNER WHO, BECAUSE OF HIS OWN BUSY LIFE, HAD TO LEARN OF THE SOCIAL DEGRADATION IN SOUTH AFRICA THROUGH THE DEATH OF HIS ONLY SON. IF ARTHUR JARVIS HAD NEVER BEEN KILLED, JAMES JARVIS WOULD NEVER HAVE BEEN EDUCATED BY HIS SONS WRITINGS, AND STEPHEN KUMALO. WHEN WE FIRST MEET JAMES JARVIS, HE KNOWS LITTLE OF HIS SONS LIFE. HE DOESN'T KNOW HIS SON WAS ON A KIND OF A MISSION(P. 140), AND THIS IS WHY WHEN HARRISON SAYS,...WE'RE SCARED STIFF AT THE MOMENT IN JOHANNESBURG.( P. 140) JAMES IS SORT OF SURPRISED AND SAYS,OF CRIME?( P. 140). TALKING TO HARRISON TAUGHT STEPHEN ABOUT THE CRIME IN THE CITY, AND THE NEXT MORNING HE LEARNS ABOUT HIS SON. ONE OF THE FIRST THINGS THAT JAMES LEARNS OF HIS SON, AND HIS VIEWS, HE LEARNS IN ARTHURS' ROOM. IN READING HIS WRITINGS, JAMES FINDS THAT ARTHUR WOULD HAVE RISKED ANYTHING TO HELP OTHER PEOPLE, AND ENDED UP DOING JUST THAT. JAMES FINDS THAT HIS SON WAS WELL RESEARCHED ON THE PROBLEMS OF THEIR SOCIETY, AND WAS INTERESTED IN HELPING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN SOUTH AFRICA. FROM THE PICTURES OF JESUS AND LINCOLN ON HIS WALL, JAMES DISCOVERED THE ADMIRATION ARTHUR HAD FOR THESE TWO MEN. THESE WERE MEN OF ACTION, WHO SHOWED LOVE FOR THEIR FRIENDS, AND AT THE SAME TIME, THEIR ENEMIES. THESE TWO MEN SUFFERED AND DIED FOR THEIR BELIEFS, AS DID ARTHUR IN A WAY, THIS IS SHOWING ARTHURS' FATHER WHAT A GREAT MAN HIS SON WAS BY COMPARISON, AND SIMILARITY TO OTHERS. THIS REVELATION SHOWS ARTHURS CONCERN FOR HUMANITY. AFTER THE DISCOVERY OF HIS SONS VIEWS THROUGH ALL OF HIS WRITINGS, JAMES BEGINS TO REALIZE THE PROBLEM, AND STARTS TO THINK OF THE PROBLEMS OF OTHERS BEFORE HIS OWN. IN THIS ASPECT, JAMES BEGINS TO REMIND THE READER OF OSCAR SHINDLER. THIS IS SO BECAUSE SHINDLER WAS ONE WHO AT ONE TIME HATED JEWS, BUT AS HE BEGAN TO UNDERSTAND THEM, HE THUOGHT OF THEIR TROUBLES AND HOW HIS WEALTH COULD SAVE THEM. MUCH LIKE SHINDLER, JARVIS HELPS THE MINORITY. FOLLOWING HIS SONS DEATH AND THE ACQUAINTANCE OF STEPHEN, JAMES DONATES 1000 POUNDS TO THE AFRICAN BOYS CLUB. JARVIS IS NOT JUST GIVING GIFTS IN MEMORY OF HIS SON, OR JUST TO GIVE, BUT GIVING THOSE WHO NEED HELP WAYS TO HELP THEMSELVES. WHEN JAMES GAVE THE MONEY TO THE CLUB, HE DIDN'T JUST DECIDE TO GIVE IT TO THEM, BUT KNEW THAT IF HE GAVE IT, THE CLUB WOULD USE IT TO IMPROVE THE COUNTRYS' CONDITION. IN ALL OF HIS DONATIONS, JAMES USES THIS SUBTLE METHOD TO EMANCIPATE THE BLACKS. A WAY TO HELP HIS SON TAUGHT HIM. USING HIS SONS VIEWS AGAIN, JAMES DECIDES TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT KUMALOS' VILLAGE, WHICH IS FALLING APART. THIS TASK IS A FAIRLY LARGE ONE , AND JAMES DOES THIS IN STEPS. HE FIRST PROVIDES MILK FOR THE VILLAGE KIDS, WHO ONLY HAVE WARM WATER TO DRINK, AND THEN HE BUILDS A CHURCH. THE REASON HE DECIDES TO BUILD A CHURCH IS THAT WHEN HE IS IN NDOTSHENI IT BEGINS TO RAIN, AND HE AND STEPHEN TAKE SHELTER IN THE CHURCH, WHICH LEAKS AND IS IN NEED OF REPAIR. THE RAIN IN NDOTSHENI IS A BIT OF FORESHADOWING OF HOPE FOR THE VILLAGE, AND MAYBE OF WHAT IS TO COME. THROUGH JAMES' EDUCATION, WE LEARN THE SIMILARITIES BETWEEN MR. JARVIS AND KUMALO. WHEN WE FIRST MEET JARVIS, THE SETTING IS MUCH THE SAME AS WHEN WE MET STEPHEN. THEY BOTH LIVE IN THE FARMING AREAS OF SOUTH AFRICA, AND THEY SHARE THE LOVE FOR THE LAND, AND WHAT IS IN THEIR LIVES. THEY EACH ARE MARRIED WITH ONE SON WHO THEY KNOW NOTHING ABOUT, AND BOTH ARE FORCED TO COME TO TERMS WITH THE GUILT OF THE WHITES BY THE SAME OCCURANCE. AFTER THEY BOTH LOSE THEIR SONS, THEY HAVE A NEED TO UNDERSTAND THEM, ALTHOUGH ALL THAT IS LEFT ARE THE MEMORIES. THEY EACH LEARN OF THE PROBLEMS IN SOUTH AFRICA THROUGH THEIR SONS, AND AFTER THE REALIZATION, THEY BOTH TRY TO DO SOMETHING TO IMPROVE THE SOCIAL, AND RACIAL DIFFERENCES WHICH PLAGUE JOHANNESBURG. CRY THE BELOVED COUNTRY I S A BOOK MEANT TO TEACH THE WAYS RACIAL VIEWS CAN AFFECT PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT WAYS. THE REPRESENTATION SHOWS HOW THESE SOUTH AFRICAN PROBLEMS EDUCATED JAMES JARVIS, AND TURNED HIM INTO A COMPASSIONATE, AND UNDERSTANDING MAN. IF ARTHUR JARVIS HAD NEVER BEEN KILLED, JAMES

Henry IV - King Henry IV of England

Henry IV - King Henry IV of England Henry IV was also known as: Henry Bolingbroke, Henry of Lancaster, the Earl of Derbey (or Derby) and the Duke of Hereford. Henry IV was noted for: Usurping the English crown from Richard II, beginning the Lancastrian dynasty and planting the seeds of the Wars of the Roses. Henry also took part in a notable conspiracy against Richards closest associates earlier in his reign. Places of Residence and Influence: England Important Dates: Born: April, 1366 Succeeded to the throne: Sept. 30, 1399Died: Mar. 20, 1413 About Henry IV: King Edward III had fathered many sons; the oldest, Edward, the Black Prince, predeceased the old king, but not before he himself had a son: Richard. When Edward III died, the crown passed to Richard when he was only 10 years old. Another of the late kings sons, John of Gaunt, served as regent to young Richard. Henry was John of Gaunts son. When Gaunt left for an extended expedition to Spain in 1386, Henry, now about 20, became one of five leading opponents to the crown known as the lords appellant. Together they successfully made an appeal of treason to outlaw those closest to Richard. A political struggle ensued for about three years, at which point Richard began to regain some of his autonomy; but the return of John of Gaunt triggered a reconciliation. Henry then went crusading in Lithuania and Prussia, during which time his father died and Richard, still resentful of the appellants, seized the Lancastrian estates that were rightfully Henrys. Henry returned to England to take his lands through force of arms. Richard was in Ireland at the time, and as Henry proceeded from Yorkshire to London he attracted to his cause many powerful magnates, who were concerned that their rights of inheritance might be endangered as Henrys had. By the time Richard returned to London he had no support left, and he abdicated; Henry was subsequently declared king by Parliament. But although Henry had conducted himself fairly honorably, he was considered a usurper, and his reign was plagued with conflict and rebellion. Many of the magnates who had supported him in defeating Richard were more interested in building their own power bases than in helping the crown. In January of 1400, when Richard was still alive, Henry quashed a conspiracy of the deposed kings supporters. Later that year, Owen Glendower started a rebellion against English rule in Wales, which Henry was unable to quell with any real success (although his son Henry V had better luck). Glendower allied with the powerful Percy family, encouraging more English resistance to Henrys rule. The Welsh problem persisted even after Henrys forces killed Sir Henry Percy in battle in 1403; the French aided Welsh rebels in 1405 and 1406. And Henry also had to contend with intermittent conflict at home and border troubles with the Scots. Henrys health began to deteriorate, and he was accused of mismanaging the funds he received in the form of parliamentary grants in order to finance his military expeditions. He negotiated an alliance with the French who were waging war against the Burgundians, and it was at this tense stage in his difficult reign that he became incapacitated in late 1412, dying several months later. Henry IV Resources Henry IV on the WebMedieval Renaissance Monarchs of EnglandHundred Years War

Marketing Management Concepts of customer value

Marketing Management Concepts of customer value Introduction In business, ‘Customer Value’ refers to the entire benefits attained by a customer against costs incurred to acquire a particular product. This incorporates the total costs offered by the market compared to those of the other competing offers (Pride Pride 2010, p.45).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management: Concepts of customer value specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Customer value can also be described as the perceived preference of a customer and his or her assessment of the attributes of different products, performance of the concerned attributes, and the consequences that could arise from the usage of these products. The usage of these attributes inhibits the achievement of the intended purposes and goals (Lamb 2011, p.34). There are five main elements of customer value. The first value depends on the expectations and perceptions of customers. Not only do different customer s have different expectations and perceptions but also preferences. In addition, the expectations and perception of a particular customer might change over time. Value assessment also necessitates the process of evaluation which can also be quite personal. Another element is that different customers evaluate different attributes of products, their performance and the performance consequences. In addition, value can also be situational. And finally, the concept of customer value is related to the objectives as well as the gratifications of a customer. Issues that marketers may face while making an effort to operationalize the concept of customer value In marketing, a company should produce valuable products to satisfy vast customer segments (Peppers Rogers 2010, p. 62). Concurrently, customers should be able to pay enthusiastically for the value provided. This will make the concerned business to evaluate its opportunity costs. There are numerous ways in which different businesses cr eate customer value. However, marketers must consider customer’s demands in order to deliver the best ‘Customer Value’. Most marketers find it really tricky to estimate the evaluation value. For some customers, a particular attributes of a product is more important than anything else. For example, a costly product in the market might be perceived as having a higher value to customers (Ferrell Hartline 2008, p. 24). Nonetheless, this might not be the case when considered critically. They offer numerous benefits than the expenses involved in acquiring them.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other customers possess their specific needs. A product regarded by others to have a lower quality could be of a higher value. For example, some companies manufacturing clothes try to make them artificially look old. For instance, before a ‘Denim Jeansâ₠¬â„¢ is sold to customers, it could be cut and made to look as if it is old. Actually, most customers are ready to pay higher amount of money for a single pair of denim jeans appearing to have been worn before. However, to other individuals, the notion of paying for clothes that have been ‘aged’ artificially is just irrelevant. According to them, these pair of artificially aged Jeans should cost less as compared to their higher prices. This illustrates that customer value depends on the individual perception of the customer and varies from one person to the other. Another issue that marketers are likely to face while executing the concept of customer value is constant variation of value and preferences by customers (Govindarajan 2007, p.52). Business ventures are forced to make changes in their products, practices, and business models so as to meet customer’s perceptions. This is important as it enables these businesses and marketers to remain the most preferred option in the current and the future market. There are several factors that contribute to constant change in value by customers. Some of these factors include fashion trends as well as environmental conditions. For example, the value of a certain type of furniture will change with current fashion trends. The latest type of furniture will certainly have higher customer value as compared to old fashioned furniture. Similarly, the customer value of jackets will change during winter, where they will be highly valued as compared to summer periods where they will have a relatively low value. This is because jackets have significant advantage during winter as compared to summer. Marketers are therefore faced with the challenge of constantly changing their products to meet the changing value of the customer. Another example is the change of customer value. Most businesses embrace modern technologies incorporated with emerging marketing channels. Here, the major challenge that marketers are likely to face is providing appropriate promotion message of a given product at an appropriate time. The marketers will find it tricky to determine exactly what the customer value is at a given time and whether they still perceive and prefer old technology instead of the new ones (Normann Rafael 1993, p. 34).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management: Concepts of customer value specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On top of that, convincing costumers to go for older technology when they already perceive and appreciate new technology is a challenge to marketers. Precisely, it is really challenging for a marketer to maintain the consistency of a particular brand as well as be able to keep up with ever changing brands by its competitors to meet customer value. There are some general benefits that manufacturers try to integrate into commodities or products in order to boost customer value (Pride Ferrell 2006, p .78). Unfortunately, some customers may not appreciate or perceive these benefits. A customer will get benefits from a particular product only if they can appreciate, perceive and utilize it as expected by the manufacturer to attain individual values. The kind of products that marketers offer in the market will only have value to the customers to the extent that the customers are able to put them to usage to satisfy their unique value. For example, a mobile phone manufacturer could automate switching on and off of his or her mobile phones for the benefit of a customer. However, some customers will not perceive or appreciate this design feature. Therefore, the customer value of the product will be lower than expectation of both the manufacturer and the marketer of the product. Different products and services offered by marketers have increased competition within concerned industries. Therefore, gaining competitive advantage is quite necessary for the survival of each and every compan y. Manufacturers and marketers must strive to ensure that they only deliver great customer value. However, besides the aforementioned challenges, another task faced by marketers is how they can precisely define the customer value, measuring it then creating exactly what customers need in the market (Pride et al. 2012, p. 67). This is to say, creating products which customers will consider having a higher value. The most vital part in carrying out strategic marketing is proper management of customer value as it will enable them to create and deliver great value of products and services to their customers. A typical example is evident in the companies that manufacture different brands of drinks. It is difficult for a manufacturer to estimate the level of satisfaction that a particular customer will get from a preferred drink to the other. Therefore a marketer will have a challenge in promoting or delivering the exact value that the customer will be fully satisfied with. This is an imp ortant provision. It is important to enhance the aspects of ‘customer value’ with regard to marketing as indicated earlier. For example, producing products with critical customer value might enhance sales, satisfaction, profitability, and brand promotion.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Understanding the aspects of ‘customer value’ is very important in any business. This enables businesses to improve their products so as to satisfy their customers. It will allow them to remain relevant providers of quality products. However, customer values are diverse and constantly changing; hence, complex to understand. In some cases, a great customer value hardly means that a customer gets considerable satisfaction. The satisfaction of customers while buying a product basically relies upon both their perception as well as their appreciation of the product. Without proper understanding of these concepts, marketers will always be faced with challenges in trying to operationalize the concept of customer value. In a business environment (characterized by high competition, customer value, and changes rapidly), manufacturers and marketers should have integrated and optimized processes for their marketing. In addition, their systems for marketing should also be innovative to deliver great customer value. This is a critical provision when considered decisively with respect to customer value. Examples used in this context supported the mentioned aspects of customer value with regard to marketing. List of References Ferrell, O Hartline, M, 2008, Marketing, Cengage Learning, New York, NY. Govindarajan, J 2007, Marketing Management: Concepts true Challenges And Trends, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Lamb,C 2011, Marketing,Cengage Learning, New York, NY. Normann, R Rafael R 1993, ‘From Value Chain to Value Constellation: Designing Interactive Strategy ’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 71 no. 1, pp. 65-77. Peppers, D Rogers M 2010, Managing Customer Relationships: A Strategic Framework, John Wiley Sons, New Jersey, NJ. Pride W Pride, O.C, 2010, Foundations of Marketing, Cengage Learning, New York, NY. Pride, W Ferrell, O.C, 2006, Marketing: Concepts and Strategies, Cengage Learning, New York, NY. Pride, W., Ferrell, O., Luk as, B., Scembri, S Niininen, O 2012, marketing principles, Cengage Learning, Melbourne.

Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Journals

Chapter 1: Today was the weirdest day of my life. I just finished making my way through a jungle after I was in an airplane that was shot and crashed. It was storming, but now it’s a little nicer outside, and me and my buddy Piggy were just discussing the fact that we are all children here on this island, and there are no adults!! Actually, it was then that I discovered that Piggy was a geek, and neither I nor anyone else really liked him. I was elected chief then and my first big decision was to sent children out to investigate whether or not they are really on an island. This kid named Jack seems pretty cool, him and I are the oldest, and therefore the two main leaders. But†¦ I am the King! Chapter 2: I decided that I should call another meeting. So I blew on the conch, and the littluns all came. It seems pretty fun being on this island so far, I’m sure enjoying it. But, I also had to take some charge. So I set out a few rules, and I really don’t care if anyone else likes them or not. Everyone thinks that there is some sort of beast on the island. I’m really not sure if there is one or not, but I sure hope there isn’t. But if there is, I will take care of it. After all, I am a man! I can get the job done! Piggy has made a few good points, but I really don’t care what he has to say. Right now, I think that our only chance to get rescued is by fire. Chapter 3: Right now, Simon and I just got finished building a hut. I’m sick of being the only one around here who does everything. The littluns don’t help at all. I think that building huts is way more important than hunting. But Jack sure doesn’t think so. I also think that there should be a signal fire burning all of the time for the sake of getting rescued. Chapter 4: Earlier today when I was swimming in the bathing pool I saw some smoke in the horizon. I looked at the mountaintop, but the signal fire had gone out. When ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Journals Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Journals Chapter 1: Today was the weirdest day of my life. I just finished making my way through a jungle after I was in an airplane that was shot and crashed. It was storming, but now it’s a little nicer outside, and me and my buddy Piggy were just discussing the fact that we are all children here on this island, and there are no adults!! Actually, it was then that I discovered that Piggy was a geek, and neither I nor anyone else really liked him. I was elected chief then and my first big decision was to sent children out to investigate whether or not they are really on an island. This kid named Jack seems pretty cool, him and I are the oldest, and therefore the two main leaders. But†¦ I am the King! Chapter 2: I decided that I should call another meeting. So I blew on the conch, and the littluns all came. It seems pretty fun being on this island so far, I’m sure enjoying it. But, I also had to take some charge. So I set out a few rules, and I really don’t care if anyone else likes them or not. Everyone thinks that there is some sort of beast on the island. I’m really not sure if there is one or not, but I sure hope there isn’t. But if there is, I will take care of it. After all, I am a man! I can get the job done! Piggy has made a few good points, but I really don’t care what he has to say. Right now, I think that our only chance to get rescued is by fire. Chapter 3: Right now, Simon and I just got finished building a hut. I’m sick of being the only one around here who does everything. The littluns don’t help at all. I think that building huts is way more important than hunting. But Jack sure doesn’t think so. I also think that there should be a signal fire burning all of the time for the sake of getting rescued. Chapter 4: Earlier today when I was swimming in the bathing pool I saw some smoke in the horizon. I looked at the mountaintop, but the signal fire had gone out. When ...

Battle of Isandlwana - Anglo-Zulu War

Battle of Isandlwana - Anglo-Zulu War Battle of Isandlwana - Conflict The Battle of Isandlwana was part of the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War in South Africa. Date The British were defeated on January 22, 1879. Armies Commanders British Lieutenant Colonel Henry PulleineLieutenant Colonel Anthony William Durnford1,400 British, 2,500 African infantry Zulu Ntshingwayo kaMAholeMavumengwana kaMdlela Ntuliapprox. 12,000 infantry Background In December 1878, following the death of several British citizens at the hands of the Zulus, authorities in the South African province of Natal issued an ultimatum to the Zulu king Cetshwayo demanding that the perpetrators be turned over for trial. This request was refused and the British began preparations to cross the Tugela River and invade Zululand. Led by Lord Chelmsford, British forces advanced in three columns with one moving along the coast, another from the north and west, and the Centre Column advancing through Rourkes Drift towards Cetshwayos base at Ulundi. To counter this invasion, Cetshwayo mustered a massive army of 24,000 warriors. Armed with spears and old muskets, the army was divided in two with one section sent to intercept the British on the coast and the other to defeat the Centre Column. Moving slowly, Centre Column reached Isandlwana Hill on January 20, 1879. Making camp in the shadow of the rocky promontory, Chelmsford sent out patrols to locate the Zulus. The following day, a mounted force under Major Charles Dartnell encountered a strong Zulu force. Fighting through the night, Dartnell was not able to break off contact until early on the 22nd. The British Move After hearing from Dartnell, Chelmsford resolved to move against the Zulus in force. At dawn, Chelmsford led 2,500 men and 4 guns out from Isandlwana to track down the Zulu army. Though badly outnumbered, he was confident that British firepower would adequately compensate for his lack of men. To guard the camp at Isandlwana, Chelmsford left 1,300 men, centered on the 1st Battalion of the 24th Foot, under Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Henry Pulleine. In addition, he ordered Lieutenant Colonel Anthony Durnford, with his five troops of native cavalry and a rocket battery, to join Pulleine. On the morning of the 22nd, Chelmsford began vainly searching for the Zulus, unaware that they had slipped around his force and were moving on Isandlwana. Around 10:00 Durnford and his men arrived at the camp. After receiving reports of Zulus to the east, he departed with his command to investigate. At approximately 11:00, a patrol led by Lieutenant Charles Raw discovered the main body of the Zulu army in a small valley. Spotted by the Zulus, Raws men began a fighting retreat back to Isandlwana. Warned of the Zulus approach by Durnford, Pulleine began forming his men for battle. The British Destroyed An administrator, Pulleine had little experience in the field and rather than ordering his men to form a tight defensive perimeter with Isandlwana protecting their rear he ordered them into a standard firing line. Returning to the camp, Durnfords men took a position on the right of the British line. As they approached the British, the Zulu attack formed into the traditional horns and chest of the buffalo. This formation allowed the chest to hold the enemy while the horns worked around the flanks. As the battle opened, Pulleines men were able to beat off the Zulu attack with disciplined rifle fire. On the right, Durnfords men began to run low on ammunition and withdrew to the camp leaving the British flank vulnerable. This coupled with orders from Pulleine to fall back towards the camp led to a collapse of the British line. Attacking from the flanks the Zulus were able to get between the British and the campsite. Overrun, British resistance was reduced to a series of desperate last stands as the 1st Battalion and Durnfords command were effectively wiped out. Aftermath The Battle of Isandlwana proved to be the worst defeat ever suffered by British forces against native opposition. All told, the battle cost the British 858 killed as well as 471 of their African troops for a total of 1,329 dead. Casualties among the African forces tended to be lower as they filtered away from the battle during its early stages. Only 55 British soldiers managed to escape the battlefield. On the Zulu side, casualties were approximately 3,000 killed and 3,000 wounded. Returning to Isandlwana that night, Chelmsford was stunned to find a bloody battlefield. In the wake of the defeat and the heroic defense of Rourkes Drift, Chelmsford set about regrouping British forces in the region. With the full support of London, which wished to see the defeat avenged, Chelmsford went on to defeat the Zulus at the Battle of Ulundi on July 4 and capture Cetshwayo on August 28. Selected Sources British Battles: Battle of IsandlwanaIsandlwana Campaign

Asclepius, God of Healing in Greek Roman Mythology

Asclepius, God of Healing in Greek Roman Mythology While the healing god Asclepius is not a major player in Greek mythology, he is a pivotal one. Counted as one of the Argonauts, Asclepius came into contact with many of the major Greek heroes. Asclepius was also a causal figure in a drama played out between Apollo, Death, Zeus, the Cyclops, and Hercules. This story comes to us through Euripides tragedy, Alcestis. The Parents of Asclepius Apollo (the brother of the virginal goddess Artemis) was no more chaste than any of the other (male) gods. His lovers and would-be lovers included Marpessa, Coronis, Daphne (one who got away by having herself transformed into a tree), Arsinoe, Cassandra (who paid for her scorn with the gift of prophecy no one believed), Cyrene, Melia, Eudne, Thero, Psamathe, Philonis, Chrysothemis, Hyacinthos, and Cyparissos. As a result of their union with Apollo, most of the women produced sons. One of these sons was Asclepius. The mother is debated. She may have been Coronis or Arsinoe, but whoever the mother was, she didnt live long enough to give birth to her healing god son. The Creation of Asclepius Apollo was a jealous god who was mightily displeased when a crow revealed that his lover was to marry a mortal, so he punished the messenger by changing the color of the formerly white bird to the now more familiar black. Apollo also punished his lover by burning her, although some say it was Artemis who actually disposed of the faithless Coronis (or Arsinoe). Before Coronis was completely incinerated, Apollo rescued the unborn infant from the flames. A similar event occurred when Zeus rescued the unborn Dionysus from Semele and sewed up the fetus in his thigh. Asclepius may have been born in Epidauros (Epidaurus) of acoustically perfect theater fame [Stephen Bertman: The Genesis of Science]. Asclepius Upbringing - The Centaur Connection The poor, newborn Asclepius needed someone to bring him up, so Apollo thought of the wise centaur Chiron (Cheiron) who seems to have been around forever or at least since the time of Apollos father, Zeus. Chiron roamed the countryside of Crete while the king of the gods was growing up, hiding from his own father. Chiron trained several of the great Greek heroes (Achilles, Actaeon, Aristaeus, Jason, Medus, Patroclus, and Peleus) and willingly undertook the education of Asclepius. Apollo was also a god of healing, but it wasnt he, but Chiron who taught the gods son Asclepius the healing arts. Athena also helped. She gave Asclepius the precious blood of the Gorgon Medusa. The Story of Alcestis The blood of the Gorgon, which Athena gave Asclepius, came from two very different veins. The blood from the right side could heal mankind even from death, while the blood from the left vein could kill, as Chiron would ultimately experience first-hand. Asclepius matured into a capable healer, but after he brought mortals back to life Capaneus and Lycurgus (killed during the war of the Seven Against Thebes), and Hippolytus, son of Theseus a worried Zeus slew Asclepius with a thunderbolt. Apollo was enraged, but getting mad at the king of the gods was futile, so he took out his anger on the creators of the thunderbolts, the Cyclops. Zeus, enraged in his turn, was prepared to hurl Apollo to Tartarus, but another god intervened possibly Apollos mother, Leto. Zeus commuted his sons sentence to a years term as herdsman to a human, King Admetus. During his term in mortal servitude, Apollo grew fond of Admetus, a man doomed to die young. Since there was no longer an Asclepius with his Medusa-potion to resurrect the king, Admetus would be gone forever when he died. As a favor, Apollo negotiated a way for Admetus to avoid Death. If someone would die for Admetus, Death would let him go. The only person willing to make such a sacrifice was Admetus beloved wife, Alcestis. On the day Alcestis was substituted for Admetus and given to Death, Hercules arrived at the palace. He wondered about the display of mourning. Admetus tried to convince him nothing was wrong, but the servants, who missed their mistress, revealed the truth. Hercules set off for the Underworld to arrange for Alcestis return to life.​ The Offspring of Asclepius Asclepius hadnt been killed immediately after leaving the centaurs school. He had had time to engage in various heroic endeavors, including fathering his share of children. His progeny would and did carry on the healing arts. Sons Machaon and Podalirius led 30 Greek ships to Troy from the city of Eurytos. It is unclear which of the two brothers healed Philoctetes during the Trojan War. Asclepius daughter is Hygeia (connected with our word hygiene), goddess of health.​​ Other children of Asclepius are  Janiscus, Alexenor, Aratus, Hygieia, Aegle, Iaso, and Panaceia. The Name of Asclepius You may find the name of Asclepius spelled Asculapius or Aesculapius (in Latin) and Asklepios (also, in Greek). Shrines of Asclepius The best known of the roughly 200 Greek shrines and temples of Asclepius were at Epidaurus, Cos, and Pergamum. These were places of healing with sanatoria, dream therapy, snakes, regimes of diet and exercise, and baths. The name of such a shrine to Asclepius is asclepieion/asklepieion (pl. asclepieia). Hippocrates is thought to have studied at Cos and Galen at Pergamum. Sources Homer: Iliad 4.193-94 and 218-19Homeric Hymn to AsclepiusSearch Perseus for Apollodorus 3.10Pausanias 1.23.4, 2.10.2, 2.29.1, 4.3.1.

View point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

View point - Essay Example It is often seen that individual difference could lead to two people having totally opposing views to a similar topic. One such incidence is seen in the field of magazines. Some magazines analyse and present topics to their readers only showing or highlighting the external view points, in such a magazine the entire package is one which is a bird eye view of all its internal articles as well. On the other hand there can be another magazine which may address the exact same topics however provides its readers with a more holistic and in depth view of all addressed topics. One such example of the above stated phenomenon is Maxim and Cosmopolitan. Maxim is a total Male magazine. It is considered to be an essential part of what the Man of today would require and answers all Male questions doing so in a witty and yet extremely relevant manner which is appealing to the Male society. It provides information about the latest and greatest tools and gadgets to hit the market. It provides men's fashion tips, sex advice and music and movie reviews.

Highrate of college students dropout Research Paper

Highrate of college students dropout - Research Paper Example In the college, a student receives a college degree when he/she completes this phase of education system. While completing this cycle of education, if a student leaves in between, then he/she is considered to be a dropout student. Discussion Today, it is estimated that about 1.2 million students drop out each year in the United States, which makes USA 19th in the world. There are many possible reasons that can cause a drop out, which frequently includes poor grades, financial problems, bullying, family emergencies, depression, mental disorders, negative environment, boredom and lack of freedom (Nation Master). Drop Out Rate Drop out or discontinuing studies is one of the main issues of college students. The most significant factors involved in dropping out from graduating or completing studies are the financial, social and family factors or issues that play an important role in the lives of students. It is a fact that these three factors play a vital role in the increased dropout rat e of student s from colleges, but the burden of studies and academics should never be ignored. The burden of academics and studies also play a vital role in forcing students to discontinue studies. These are the vital factors that cause stress in the students and force them to drop out their graduate courses (Nation Master). Academic Stress The most important cause of college students drop out is the regular pressure of studies that is experienced in college students. The main source of causing this stress among college students is teachers and parents who have high expectations from their students to obtain high scores in examinations. College student have to study hard to get the expected results without taking care of their health. The academic stress also includes difficult class schedules, challenging tests and exams, increased workload. This is the most common cause of stress that occurs in college students (David). Social Issues Social issues are another source of drop out fo r college students. This issue has a vital impact, mainly a negative impact on student psychology. College students experience various stresses that are caused by social factors. These social factors include that college students sometimes have to leave their families to reside in hostels away from their houses and families. When students leave their families, they have to communicate with other people at the place they reside. For example, they have to stay with roommates. The stress of coping with new methods and new people is also included in the social issues. Another issue under this category includes the pressure of balancing the time available among studies and friends. Another significant source of stress in college students is to tackle and cope with the dynamics of young adult relationship. These are the significant factors among the social issues that could have negative impacts on college students and affect their physical and mental health which ultimately lead to a dro p out. Financial Stress In today’s era, a student does not only have the burden of studies, but is also overburdened by financial stress. Students have to think about fulfilling their financial needs themselves at a very young age. They need money for their food expenses, education and books expenses, housing and lodging. College students also have to think about getting a part time job besides studying so that they could earn money to fulfill their financial n

Emigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emigration - Essay Example While most people believe that emigration is good for the emigrants, other people like me, believe it is important to look at the causes of emigration in order to curb this existing trend. According to Scholar (190), one of the main known causes of emigration is education. Education in most cases is known as the key to success in life. Mainly, education supports people in life by shaping their career paths, which they rely on for their livelihoods. Education is also important in that it prepares people for wise leadership and personal accomplishments in life. This happens through opening people minds to new ideas in life and enlightens them on their rights and freedoms as citizens of a particular country. It is only through education that people can make separate identity. Of late, education has been classified as a basic need in life. It enlightens people on how they should think, how to work properly, how to make right decisions. Laipson and Chomuik (1), believe that the quality of education is very important to people. With quality education, people are able to familiarize themselves with the latest technology, which makes their life easier. Moreover, quality education enhances production and use of creative ideas, innovative projects, and knowledge. Quality education is also used in research whereby emigrants move to new countries to seek quality research. For instance, many scholars in developing countries immigrate to developed countries such as US to conduct their research on projects that they aim to introduce in their own country in future. Moreover, people emigrate to different countries to seek affordable quality education. Countries where the cost of education is high are more likely to experience emigration than countries whereby the cost of education is cheap and affordable. Issues related to employment have been in the front line to contribute to emigration. It is well known that employment is a source of livelihood for most of the people in the world. Various countries will have more employment opportunities than others due to issue related to absolute advantage and comparative advantage in their economies. In addition, these countries will have different rates of return for investments that raises the rate of attraction for potential emigrants. Moreover, the recipient countries for emigrants will have high payment opportunities than those countries where emigrants come from (Dolan 1). According to Ian (1), payments and employment opportunities are the main causes of emigration from developing countries. This is because developed countries tend to pay highly as compared to developing countries. Moreover, the large size of their firms creates more employment opportunities as compared to the small size of firms in developing countries. Productive employment opportunities and decent work are the main routes out of poverty. Proper-functioning labor markets and an enabling environment for confined free enterprise are indispensa ble to intensify employment opportunities for the emigrants. Moreover, the developed counties emigrants go to have workers’ rights and benefits that distinguish and improve situations in the emigrants’ economy, where most poor emigrants and their families earn their source of revenue. Workers’ rights and benefits are important to poverty reduction. Increasing the employability of emigrants,

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 124

Summary - Essay Example The banker contradicts the peasant’s judgment on the state, he or she judges the government based on a future goal that it works towards realizing. Economics manipulates and dictate the political behavior. Administrations lose supporters in seasons of hard times while a massive gain of the supporters seen in good times. The two models involving both retrospective and prospective of the index of consumer sentiment as contradicting variables between economic conditions and approval, it is found out that the probable component adequately accounts for the presidential approval time series. The next article voting successfully addresses an average voter as one who falls far short of the prescriptions of classic autonomous hypothesis in terms of interest, facts, and participation in politics. The authors suggest a more realistic standard involving the citizens fulfilling their democratic duties by voting correctly. Five decades of behavioral research in political science reveals that only a tiny marginal of the citizens in any democracy live up to the lines and goals of democracy. Interests in politics become generally weak, political discussions limited and political knowledge is diminishing. The result leads to the majority of American citizens not participating actively in politics beyond voting. The determination of voters on their correct vote choices can be predicted reasonably well using the widely available survey data. The authors illustrate how the prediction can help in determining the proportion of the voters voting correctly, which they calculate at about 7 5 percent for the five US presidential elections between 1972 and 1988. The third article is a decisive study of voting in America and talks about the American voter. Michigan model is a theory formulated on voter choice. Based on all-inclusive studies of election study data in America, most voters cast their ballots

Has the Era of US Hegemony ended Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Has the Era of US Hegemony ended - Essay Example That is, hegemony will be visible when countries through their strong attributes particularly armed power, economic power, political power and even ‘soft’ powers, elevate themselves into top positions, and then try to assert their dominance over others through force or persuasion. From the mid part of the 20th century, United States America is one such country which ‘tried’ to or even evolved into a hegemonic country, due to the optimum development of its economic, military and even soft power statuses. In the late 19th – early 20th century, U. S. made sizable attempts to expand its political influence over other territories through their imperialistic initiatives and importantly through their involvement in both the World Wars. With the two World Wars elevating U. S. position in the international area, and with its economy, its science and technology capabilities and even mass media optimizing, it kind of gave the platform for U. S. to elevate its po sition further and become a hegemonic power. US’s plans to play a prominent international role got actualized in the second half of the 20th century as well, because of its confrontation with Soviet Union through Cold War, its involvement in the Middle-East and other territories. U. S’s hard-power as well as soft-power capabilities have improved so much now that no other country in the world have the capability as well as the will to dethrone it from its position of solo superpower, as U. S. hegemony is stronger, aggressive and at the same time democratic and benevolent.1 However, the other view is, due to certain misadventures, U. S. days as the solo superpower could be numbered.2 This paper will focus on this hegemonic status of U. S., by analyzing whether U.S. hegemony is going to continue or end, and by concluding how it is going to continue and not going to end soon. U.S. Hegemonic beginnings Although many European countries including Britain, Spain, France, etc., exhibited their imperialistic policies to become a hegemonic power in the early centuries, U. S. played a subdued role then. With U. S. ‘forming’ into country quite lately and due to its domestic issues, it did not initiate any major imperialistic steps. However, in the late part of 19th century due to its indirect confrontations with Spain in foreign territories, it started moving in that direction. That is, the Spanish–American War took place when U. S. involved itself in the Cuban War of Independence, and also due to its attacks on the Spanish territories in the Pacific area, particularly on Philippines.3 U. S. started initiating imperialistic actions, when it found that its interests are being undermined by other powers and also when it found that there are no strong opposition from the indigenous people because of in-fighting between themselves. This perspective was validated by Derbyshire (2003), who stated, â€Å"In places where America's interests are a t stake, however (and in conflict with those of other nations)-and where national feeling is divided, or artificial, or non-existent, so that patriotic native elites cannot easily take control of the situation-we need to act in our own interests†4 The key intention of U. S. to indulge in imperialism and thereby become a hegemonic power in the long run is to develop economically. When countries normally enter territories rich in natural resources, after capturing the power of governance, they will mainly go for these resources, and U.

H.W Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

H.W - Assignment Example If the appropriate discount rate is 7% annually, what is present value of the girl’s fortune? Suppose you are going to buy a car. The cost of car is $20,000. You have $8,000 for down payment. You can borrow the balance of $12,000 from dealership’s finance company at 2% APR, with monthly payment for 36 months or you can borrow from a bank with 8% APR monthly payment for 3 years, and receive a $2,000 rebate on the purchase price. Assume that if you take the rebate, you will apply it toward the purchase. Which alternative is better deal? You are preparing a vacation to Europe in the future. You plan to save $400 a month beginning today, and estimate you earn 0.5% per month on your savings. Your goal is to save $6,000. How long it take to save this amount? Bank of Land has student loan program starting today but requires no payments for 4 years. However, during this interest deferred period the loan accumulated interest at 6% rate, compounded quarterly. The bank amortizes the loan over ten year period, requiring quarterly payments and continuing charge 6% annual interest rate, compounded quarterly. What will be the quarterly payment will be on today’s loan of $30,000? Green Co. just paid dividend of $1 per share. The company predicts that the dividend will increase 5% for next 5 years and 3% thereafter forever. If your required rate of return is 8%, what price you should pay for the

Research Methods in the Social Sciences Assignment - 6

Research Methods in the Social Sciences - Assignment Example The researcher critically analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the already conducted researches. Research Procedure: Chapter IV describes the research procedure, in which variables, concepts, universe, sampling and pre-testing etc are examined. The researcher argues in favor of his decision for choosing the universe and tool for data collection etc. Research Findings: In chapter V, the researcher describes in a detailed manner the findings of the research procedure, which are generally presented in tabular and graphic forms. Hence, the chapter is the interpretation of research findings. Summary: Sixty and final chapter is the summary of the entire research work, which also presents conclusion on the basis of research findings. The chapter also made valuable suggestions for the future studies at large. Literature review is considered to be the most imperative chapter of a research process, which actually explains the parameters of the present study by interlinking it to the previous studies have already been made on same or similar topics. Literature review critically examines the previous studies and evaluates their advantages and drawbacks as well. Literature review, according to Bourner , is highly significant for identifying gaps in the literature, to avoid reinventing the wheel , to carry on from where others have already reached, to identify other people working in the same fields, to increase your breadth of knowledge of your subject area, to identify seminal works in your area and to provide the intellectual context for your own work, enabling you to position your project relative to other work. (1996:22) Hence, literature review maintains great significance in its fold by covering various aspects being applied in the new study while conducting the entire work. Relevant li terature and studies must be analysed in a critical manner by highlighting both negative and positive aspects rather